【句架提炼】reach a comparable level 达到相称的水平

　　academic adj. 学院的，学术的，理论的

　　【同源词汇】academically adv. 学术上

　　【经典搭配】academic activities 学术活动

　　academic atmosphere 学习氛围

　　academic performance 学习成绩

　　academic exchange 学术交流

　　【考官例句】If everything they do must have some educational or academic relevance, then they

　　will soon get tired of studying altogether, which is the last thing parents would

　　want.

　　如果他们所做的任何一件事必须与教育或学术相关，那么他们将很快就厌恶学

　　习，这是父母最不愿意看到的事情。

　　【句架提炼】the last thing to do 最不愿意做的事

　　写作提示

　　leisure (music & sport)

　　G 类一道题目 leisure time

　　20091107 Some people believe that children’s leisure activities must be

　　educational, otherwise they are complete waste of time. Do you agree or

　　disagree?

　　A 类一道题目 music and sports

　　20100508 Schools should concentrate on teaching students the

　　academic subjects that will be useful for their future careers. Subjects

　　such as music and sports are not useful. To what extent do you agree or

　　disagree?

　　考官回答

　　参加课外活动的经典回答，适用于课程里是否要安排音乐与体育。

　　Such activities are far more from being a waste of time for the

　　children simply because they are not academic.

　　If they cannot play make-believe games, how can they develop

　　their imagination? How can they learn physical co-ordination or learn

　　important social lessons about winning and losing if they do not

　　practice any sports? Many children form strong, personal relationships

　　with the friends they play with, and without the opportunity to do this,

　　they could grow up emotionally immature or unformed.

　　Finally, I think it is also important to remember that children need

　　to relax as well as work..

　　academic qualifications 学历，学术资格

　　【考官例句】But overall, I think this is less likely today, when academic qualifications are

　　essential for getting a reasonable career.

　　总之，现今学历是找到一份不错工作的必备条件，我认为（这种事情）不太可能发生。

　　考官回答

　　关于大学的功能是为 future career 做准备么，还是为了academic qualifications？

　　They believe that if their children apply themselves and work

　　hard at school, then they will increase their opportunities for going to

　　higher education and eventually getting a good job. Of course they are

　　right, and as access to the best education and best jobs is becoming

　　more competitive, then it is true that children have to make the best of

　　their study time when they are young.

　　talent n. 才能，天资，天才

　　【同源词汇】talented adj. 有才能的；talentless adj. 无能的

　　【同义表达】capacity n. 能力；endowment n.天资；aptitude n.天资

　　【经典搭配】nurture a student’s talent 培养学生的才能

　　explore one’s interests and talents 发展个人兴趣、发挥个人才干

　　【考官例句】Without the natural talent, continuous training would be neither attractive nor

　　productive, and without the training, the child would not learn how to exploit and

　　develop their talent.

　　没有天赋，即使是持续不断的训练也是既无吸引力也无进展的，而要是没有刻苦的训练，孩子也不会学会如何开发自己的潜能。

　　【句架提炼】neither…nor 既不……也不……

　　knowledge n. 知识，学问

　　【同源词汇】knowledgeable adj. 知识渊博的

　　【经典搭配】pursue knowledge 追求知识

　　thirst for knowledge 渴求知识

　　enlarge scope of knowledge 扩大知识面

　　【考官例句】However, if there are different kinds of happiness for different individuals then the

　　first step in achieving it would to have a degree of self-knowledge.

　　然而，如果说不同的人对幸福的理解不同，那么获得幸福的第一步是在一定程度上了解自己。

　　【句架提炼】if…then… 如果……那么……

　　well-bred adj. 教养良好的，有教养的

　　【同义表达】well-cultivated adj. 有教养的

　　【反义表达】ill-bred adj. 没教养的

　　【即学即用】None but the well-bred man knows how to confess a fault, or acknowledge himself

　　in an error.

　　唯有有教养者方知如何承认错误，或意识到自己行为 。

　　enterprising spirit 进取心，进取精神，创业精神

　　【同义表达】pioneering spirit 开拓精神

　　【即学即用】All great wisdom in life are contained in these words by Gump's mother: optimism,

　　strong mind and enterprising spirit, calmness and bluntness, religious and faithful

　　belief.

　　这些话语中包含了阿甘的母亲面对生活的种种大智慧：积极乐观的心态，坚强进取的精神，坦然率直的态度，虔诚忠实的信仰。

　　distinguish vt.&vi. 辨别，区分

　　【同源词汇】distinguishable adj.可辨识的；distinguished adj. 著名的

　　【经典搭配】distinguish between (among) 区别，辨别

　　distinguish right from wrong 辨明是非

　　distinguish one thing from another 将一事物于另一事物区别开来

　　【即学即用】Children should be taught to distinguish right from wrong, which is the

　　responsibility of both the parents and teachers.

　　应该教会孩子们辨别是非，这既是家长又是教师的责任。

　　mental development 心智发展，心理发展过程

　　【同源词汇】mentality n. 智能，智心

　　【考官例句】Today the way we consider human psychology and mental development is heavily

　　influenced by the genetic sciences.

　　当今， 我们认为人们的心理和心智发育很大程度上受基因的影响。

　　【句架提炼】be heavily influenced by… 受……深深的影响

　　raise vt. 养育

　　【同义表达】bring up 教育，养育

　　【考官例句】If they could raise them to be considerate of others and to be social, responsible

　　individuals, the whole community would benefit.

　　如果他们将孩子抚养成为关心他人、善于交际、有责任感的人，那么整个社

　　会也将受益。

　　【句架提炼】raise the children to be… 将孩子抚养成……

　　be considerate of 体谅，关心

　　discipline n. 纪律，学科

　　【同源词汇】disciplined adj. 遵守纪律的；well-disciplined 训练有素的；

　　undisciplined adj.无纪律的

　　【经典搭配】disrespectful and undisciplined behavior 无礼和无修养的行为

　　【考官例句】When they get to school age they have not learnt any self-control or discipline.

　　他们到了上学的年纪，仍然没有自控能力或是纪律性。

　　【即学即用】To achieve personal growth and success, one needs in-depth knowledge in a certain

　　discipline.

　　要获得成就，需要在某一学科有深入的研究。

　　词汇拓展

　　discipline 的另外一个解释为：学科

　　humanities 人文学科

　　social sciences 社会科学

　　discipline 学科（通称）

　　basic sciences 基础科学

　　applied sciences 应用科学

　　sense of n. 意识，认识

　　【同义表达】awareness n. 意识；recognition n. 识别

　　【经典搭配】a sense of obligation (responsibility) 责任感

　　sense of fulfillment 成就感

　　sense of belonging to a team 团队归属感

　　a sense of achievement 成就感

　　【考官例句】Satisfaction is also increased by a sense of responsibility for and loyalty to a team.

　　责任意识及忠诚于团队也能增强满足感。

　　characteristics n. 特性，特征

　　【同义表达】personality traits 个性品质

　　【经典搭配】shape/ mould one’s character 塑造某人的性格

　　building-up of one’s personality 性格的形成

　　mould one’s temperament and promote one’s appreciation of arts

　　陶冶情操，提高艺术鉴赏力

　　【考官例句】But whether these characteristics are able to develop within the personality of an

　　individual surely depends on whether the circumstances allow such a development.

　　个性是否能够得到发展，这肯定要取决于外部的环境因素。

　　【句架提炼】depend on whether the circumstances allow… 依赖于环境是否允许……

　　shape one’s personality 形成个性

　　【考官例句】It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how

　　that personality develops.

　　两者的相互作用就能塑造一个人的个性，并决定着个性的发展。

　　【句架提炼】It is…that… 强调句型

　　moral adj. 道德的，精神上的，品性端正的 n. 道德

　　【经典搭配】 moral guidance 道德指引

　　moral standard 道德水准

　　moral value 道德观

　　moral appeals 伦理

　　moral behavior 道德行为

　　moral education 道德教育

　　morals and ethics 思想道德修养

　　【即学即用】Universities exist for the purposes such as improving students’ well-round

　　development and raising students’ moral standards.

　　大学教育的作用有促进学生的全面发展，提高学生的道德水准。

　　intellectual adj. 智力的，聪明的，理智的

　　【经典搭配】intellectual development 智力发展

　　intellectual faculties 智能

　　intellectual activity 智力活动

　　intellectual and ideological development 精神文明建设

　　intellectual education 智育

　　【考官例句】It is important to remember that children need to develop skills other than

　　intellectual ones, and the best way to do this through activities such as sports,

　　games and playing with other kids.

　　很重要的一点是孩子们不光需要智力的发展，也需要培养各种技能，而最好的方法就是通过体育、游戏这样的活动和其他的孩子们玩耍。

　　【句架提炼】It is important to remember that… 记住……是很重要的

　　intelligence n. 智力，理解力

　　【同源词汇】intelligent adj. 智能的

　　【即学即用】One thing that puts man above animals is intelligence.

　　人类凌驾于动物之上的一点就是人类有智慧。

　　potential n. 可能性，潜能

　　【同源词汇】potentiality n. 潜力； potentialize vt.使具有潜力

　　【同义表达】possibility n. 可能性

　　【经典搭配】tap the potential 挖掘……的潜力

　　fulfill one’s potential 发挥潜力

　　【即学即用】It is important to draw out a child’s potential capacities.

　　发掘孩子的潜能是很重要的。

　　【句架提炼】draw out a child's potential capacities 开发孩子的潜能

　　innate adj. 先天的，固有的，与生俱来的

　　【同义表达】inborn adj. 天生的

　　【经典搭配】have an innate talent for sth. 某方面有天赋

　　【考官例句】However, some people believe that innate talent is what differentiates a person who

　　has been trained to play a sport or an instrument, from those who become good

　　players.

　　然而有些人认为那些经后天培养并在体育或音乐方面有一定建树的人，和那些真正有才华的人的区别就在于天赋。

　　【句架提炼】differentiate…from… 将……区别开来

　　nature n. 自然，本性

　　【同源词汇】natural adj. 自然的，天生的

　　【经典搭配】against (或 contrary to) nature 违反自然的，反常的

　　back to nature 回归大自然

　　by nature 生性，本性上

　　by the light of nature 本能地，自然而然地

　　in nature 实际上

　　second nature 第二天性

　　in someone's nature 在某人的禀性之中

　　【即学即用】It is human nature to hate repetition.

　　讨厌重复工作是人的天性。

　　nurture vt. 养育，鼓励

　　【同源词汇】nurturance n. 养成，教育

　　【同义表达】raise vt.养育； foster vt. 培养，养育；nourish vt. 抚养

　　【经典搭配】nurture imagination 培养想象力

　　【考官例句】But, as with all questions of nature versus nurture, they are not mutually exclusive.

　　考虑到天赋与后天培育，二者并不相互排斥。

　　【句架提炼】be not mutually exclusive 不是互相排斥的

　　strive for 争取，奋斗

　　【同义表达】struggle vi. 奋斗； spare no effort 不遗余力

　　【经典搭配】strive for excellence 追求卓越

　　【即学即用】We must have clear goals and great dreams in our life and strive for it with whole

　　life!

　　我们的人生必须有明确的目标和伟大的理想并且要为之奋斗一生！be endowed with 被赋予，天生具有

　　【同义表达】be born with 天生具有； innate adj.与生俱来的

　　【即学即用】Therefore, every child should be endowed with the right to handle their own

　　problems within their abilities.

　　因此，即使年幼阶段的儿童，他们也应该被赋予能力所及范围内处理自己的问题的自由。

　　versatile adj. 多才多艺的，万能的，多面手的

　　【同源词汇】versatility n. 多才多艺

　　【同义表达】many-sided adj. 多方面的；all-around adj. 全面的；

　　well-rounded adj. 多才多艺的

　　【经典搭配】versatile person 通才

　　【即学即用】A versatile person is often good at a number of different things.

　　多才多艺的人通常擅长许多种不同的事情。

　　词汇拓展

　　generalist 通才

　　specialist 专才

　　physical and mental development 身心全面发展

　　psychological soundness 心理健康

　　psychological well-being (welfare) 心理健康

　　all-round development 全面发展

　　promote the healthy development of students both physically and

　　mentally 促进学生身心发展

　　competence n. 能力，胜任

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