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小编:环球教育整理 541二. 语境法
根据上下文语境内容来推断出某个词汇的含义,就是语境法。通常托福阅读中考查到以下两种语境:
1. 并列语境:所考查的词汇跟前后形成一个同义的关系。
例题:Given a year of favorable precipitation, such plants will develop vigorously and produce large numbers of flowers and fruit.
Q: In saying that ephemerals will develop “vigorously" when there is favorable precipitation, the author means that their development will be
A: sudden
B: early
C: gradual
D: strong and healthy
解析:可以利用句子的并列关系来推测,develop vigorously和生产大量的花和果实并列,那么很明显,D选项最合适。
2. 转折语境:所考查的词汇跟前后形成一个相反的关系。
For example, a pond in hilly country that maintains a steady water level all through a dry summer in spite of having no streams flowing into it must obviously be seepage dominated. Conversely, a pond with a stream flowing in one end and out the other, which dries up when the stream dries up, is clearly surface water dominated.
Q: The word Conversely meaning to
A: on the other hand
B: in the same way
C: in other words
D: on average
解析:原句说有河水流入流出的是surface water dominated,前一句说一个没有地表水流入的pond是seepage dominated,那么后文当然与之相对,所以正确答案是A。
三. 归纳法
“狂背单词,疏于整理”是一大误区。积累单词的同时,要进行整理归纳,以下有两种推崇的方法:
1. 意群法:将意思相近的单词放在一起进行记忆。
吝啬:stingy, penurious, niggardly, miserly, parsimonious, petty
贫穷:indigent, impoverished, destitute, penniless, impecunious, poverty
2. 类比法:将形式相近的单词放在一起进行记忆。
infect v.感染,传染
affect v.影响;感染;感动;假装
inflect v.弯曲;改变;使屈曲
effect n.影响;效果;作用
以上就是小编给大家分享的托福阅读遇到难词的方法,希望能给有需要的同学提供帮助。
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